This article is a critical evaluation of The Geography of IQ, written by Garry A. Gelade, and published in the leading journal Intelligence. However, it is initially written to criticize Dr. Richard Lynn (University of Ulster, UK) and Dr. Tatu Vanhanen’s (University of Tampere, Finland) theory of IQ and the wealth of nations. Since the early 21st century, after the publication of two bestselling books, IQ and the wealth of nations and IQ and global inequality, this theory has become widely accepted by rightist or moderate parties and organizations in Europe, North America, and even the Far East. The main idea of this theory is that the inequality between the nations results from the difference between their average intelligence quotients. Although the theory of IQ and the wealth of nations provides political elites of the developing world with an incentive to improve quality of life and human development indices, from the critic’s point of view the statistical data and research method are weak and thin. Neglecting geopolitical insights and analysis, and setting the foundations of the project only upon the geographical distribution of the two measures, IQ and GDP, the theory tries to evaluate economic development throughout the world. This neglect is the reason for some of the mistaken views of Lynn and Vanhanen.

Background: Children with profound sensorineural hearing loss are at risk of language delays that can impact their academic and social development. A suitable way to develop the speech and language of deaf children is cochlear implantation (CI). The main propose of this study is the evaluation of the child's development in such language skills as information, similarities, arithmetic, vocabulary and comprehension after CI surgery and rehabilitation.Methods and Materials: The present study is a quasi-experimental study. For this reason, we performed the Raven test on all the CI children of the Fars CI Center, who were at least 6 years old and had finished their rehabilitation program about three years before. After that, we selected 23 patients who had the selection criteria for answering the verbal part of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III (WISC-III). For the statistical analysis, we used the SPSS software version 11.5.Results: The verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) develops after the surgery and rehabilitation program of C.I. children. However, it is not the same as in normal children of the same age. The most important factors that affect this are the child's age and family education. Also, there is no significant relation between verbal and non-verbal IQs.Conclusion: Although C.I. is a suitable way to increase the verbal IQ and cognitive development, for better results, it is recommended in children under three years of age.

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to examine the cognitive performance in schizophrenic and obsessive-compulsive patients based on WAIS-R and to compare them in verbal and practical intelligence of the test. Method: An expose-facto design was applied in which 24 subjects (12 from each group) were selected with convenience sampling method in 2018 in two cities of Arak and Khomein. The participants of both group were assessed using WAIS-R. The data was analyzed by one smple t-test and MANOVA statistical analysis. Results: Results were shown significantly difference for verbal and none-verbal intelligence in obsessive-compulsive and schizophrenia patients regarding the criteria of M=100 and m=10 for every subscales. Significantly lower means were also observed for schizophrenia patients rather than OCD patients. Conclusion: These results indicated lower than normal vebal and none-verbal intelligence in both groups and cognitive performance for patients with schizophrenia compared to the OCD patients was lower as well. The observed differences were more robust in practical subscales than verbal. These results are generalizable to Behzisti patients.

Objective: Previous studies have proved the significant role of cognitive characteristics and personality traits in making judgments and decisions. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of auditors, as a cognitive characteristic, on their audit quality. Methods: In this study, in order to investigate and analyze the hypothesis, the data related to the IQ of 41 Certified Public Accountants (CPA) of the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) were extracted. These accountants were the first signatories of the audit report of 204 companies listed on the body in the fiscal year of 1398 (started on March 21, 2018). To collect the required data about the IQ variable (the questionnaire), the Raven`s Progressive Matrices (RPM) test was used. To assess the other variable, i. e. the quality of the audit, the type of auditors’ reports were used as a benchmark. Logistic Regression was also used to test the study hypothesis. Results: After conducting the statistical analysis and estimating the Logistic Regression, the positive and significant impact of the IQ of the auditors on the quality of the audit was confirmed, regarding the coefficient of the independent variable, i. e. IQ, which stood at 1998/0. Also, the coefficient of determination (R²), which is the same as the McFadden R-squared, stood at 0. 163, proving that 16% of the changes in the dependent variable could be explained by the independent logistic Regression variable. Conclusion: According to the findings o the present study, the auditors’ IQ as a cognitive characteristic and personality trait has a positive effect on their decision-making and judgments throughout the entire audit process. The obtained results suggest that the auditors’ IQ bears a significant and direct relationship with the quality of the audit. It can be concluded that the higher the auditors’ IQ is, the higher the quality of the audit would be, therefore, auditors with higher IQ levels, make better judgments with higher audit quality. Accordingly, IQ as one of the cognitive abilities of auditors has an important role in decision-making during the audit process and in improving the audit quality. This study showed that despite various mechanisms aimed at standardizing audit quality, the auditors’ intellectual ability is still important for the quality of audit services provided to the clients. These findings may be interesting to those who decide on mechanisms to control and regulate the quality of audit services. This study showed that the cognitive characteristics of the auditors, as a unit of analysis, play an effective role in audit quality.

The purpose of this study was the effect of auriculo-point stimulation on improvement of verbal ability of borderline IQ male students due to brain damage. To conduct this study 28 pupils aged 6-16 with history of cerebral palsy and intelligent quotient between 70-90 (borderline) were selected from Pooya special school in Esfahan. The verbal intelligence scale for children (verbal sub-test ofwise-r) was used for this purpose.This study is conducted with an experimentalmethod and by means of a pre-test and post- test design with one experimental group. Thus, in the experimental phase the independent variable, herbal plasters on acupointwas performed for two months, in order to investigate the effect on the dependent variable, verbal ability.The results of paired-sample t test showed significant difference between pre-test and posttest scores in verbal ability which were consisted of comprehension, vocabulalY, arithmetic, information and similarities sub-tests (P < 0.05).

Raven Progressive Matrices (RPMs) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WSIC-R) are two common general intelligence measuring scales used in Iranian high schools. In this paper the relationships between g factor scales and students’ reading comprehension, grammar, and vocabulary was examined by correlation and regression analysis. Standard tests of grammar and vocabulary and Cambridge Key English Test (KET) were used to elicit the overall language proficiency of Iranian high school students. The results of the study revealed that verbal intelligence and vocabulary and non-verbal intelligence measured by RPMs not WSIC-R were determining factors in reading comprehension. Verbal intelligence was found to have an important role in vocabulary knowledge. Only grammar, in spite of a weak correlation with reading and a section of WSIC-R, didn’t show any remarkable correlation with intelligence or language knowledge measuring scales.

Purpose: To compare Tecnis Z9000 and Acrysof IQ aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) regarding spherical aberration and contrast sensitivity.Methods: Thirty-four eyes of 34 patients undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery were randomly assigned to implantation of Tecms or IQ IOLs. Three months postoperatively, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical aberration (with 4 and 6 mm pupil diameters) and contrast sensitivity in 'photopic and mesopic conditions at spatial frequencies of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 cycles per degree (cpd) were determined.Results: Mean BCVA was 0.083±0.071 logMAR in the IQ group and 0.076±0.080 logMAR in the Tecnis group (P=0.338). Spherical aberration in the Tecnis group was smaller with pupil diameter of 4 mm (0.140±0.097pm vs 0.183±0.107pm, p= 0.609) but greater with pupil diameter of 6 mm (0.303±0.183pm vs 0.26±0.069 pm, P= 0.40) as compared to the IQ group. Contrast sensitivity was higher in the Tecnis group at 1, 2 and 5 cpd under photopic (not significant) and mesopic (P<0.001, P<0.08, P=0.2, respectively) conditions. Conversely, contrast sensitivity was higher in the IQ group at 10 and 20 cpd under photopic and mesopic conditions (not significant).Conclusion: Tecnis or IQ IOLs seem to be comparable in terms of spherical aberration and contrast sensitivity.